IOPList.Org

Henry Wilson
(February 16, 1812 – November 22, 1875)

was an American politician who was the 18th vice president of the United States from 1873
until his death in 1875 and a senator from Massachusetts from 1855 to 1873. Before and
during the American Civil War, he was a leading Republican, and a strong opponent of slavery.
Wilson devoted his energies to the destruction of "Slave Power", the faction of slave owners
and their political allies which anti-slavery Americans saw as dominating the country.









Carl Celian Icahn
(born February 16, 1936)

is an American financier. He is the founder and controlling shareholder of Icahn Enterprises,
a public company and diversified conglomerate holding company based in Sunny Isles Beach.
Icahn takes large stakes in companies that he believes will appreciate via changes to corporate
policy and he then pressures management to make changes that he believes will benefit
shareholders. He was one of the first activist shareholders and is credited with making that
investment strategy mainstream for hedge funds







Kim Jong-il (Korean: 김정일;[c] born Yuri Irsenovich Kim;
(16 February 1941 – 17 December 2011)

was a North Korean politician who was the second supreme leader of North Korea from 1994 to 2011.
He led North Korea from the 1994 death of his father Kim Il-sung, the first Supreme Leader, until his
own death in 2011, when he was succeeded by his son, Kim Jong-un.

In the early 1980s, Kim had become the heir apparent for the leadership of the Democratic People's
Republic of Korea (DPRK) and assumed important posts in the party and army organs. Kim succeeded
his father and DPRK founder Kim Il-sung, following the elder Kim's death in 1994. Kim was the
General Secretary of the Workers' Party of Korea (WPK), WPK Presidium, Chairman of the
National Defence Commission (NDC) of North Korea and the Supreme Commander of the
Korean People's Army (KPA), the fourth-largest standing army in the world.










David Lombardo
(born February 16, 1965)

is a Cuban-American drummer, best known as a co-founding member of American thrash metal
band Slayer. He is currently playing drums with Testament, Fantômas, Suicidal Tendencies,
Dead Cross, Mr. Bungle, and the Misfits.

Lombardo previously played drums on nine Slayer albums, including Reign in Blood (1986) and
Christ Illusion (2006). His music career has spanned over 40 years, during which he has been
involved in the production of 35 commercial recordings covering a number of genres. He has
performed with numerous other bands, including Grip Inc., Philm and Fantômas, in addition to Slayer.

Thomas John Watson Sr.
(February 17, 1874 – June 19, 1956)

was an American businessman who served as the chairman and CEO of IBM.
He oversaw the company's growth into an international force from 1914 to 1956.
Watson developed IBM's management style and corporate culture from John Henry
Patterson's training at NCR. He turned the company into a highly effective selling
organization, based largely on punched card tabulating machines. A leading self-made
industrialist, he was one of the richest men of his time and was called the world's
greatest salesman when he died in 1956.









Haroldson Lafayette Hunt Jr.
(February 17, 1889 – November 29, 1974)

was an American oil tycoon. By trading poker winnings for oil rights according to legend,
but more likely through money he gained from successful speculation in oil leases, he
ultimately secured title to much of the East Texas Oil Field, one of the world's largest oil
deposits. He acquired rights to East Texas oil lands initially through a $30,000 land purchase
from oil speculator Dad Joiner, and founded Hunt Oil in 1936. From it and his other acquisitions,
which included diverse interests in publishing, cosmetics, pecan farming, and health food
producers, he accrued a fortune that was among the world's largest. In the 1950's, his Facts
Forum Foundation supported highly Conservative newspaper columns and radio programs,
some of which he authored and produced himself, and for which he became known. At his death,
he was reputed to have one of the highest net worths of any individual in the world, a fortune
estimated between two and three billion dollars.









Huey Percy Newton
(February 17, 1942 – August 22, 1989)

was an African-American revolutionary and political activist. Newton was most notable for being a
co-founder of the Black Panther Party where he operated the organization as the de-facto leader.
Newton crafted the Party's ten-point manifesto with Bobby Seale in 1966.

Alessandro Giuseppe Antonio Anastasio Volta
(18 February 1745 – 5 March 1827)

was an Italian physicist and chemist who was a pioneer of electricity and power who is
credited as the inventor of the electric battery and the discoverer of methane. He invented
the voltaic pile in 1799, and reported the results of his experiments in 1800 in a two-part
letter to the president of the Royal Society. With this invention Volta proved that
electricity could be generated chemically and debunked the prevalent theory that electricity
was generated solely by living beings. Volta's invention sparked a great amount of scientific
excitement and led others to conduct similar experiments, which eventually led to the
development of the field of electrochemistry.









Enzo Anselmo Giuseppe Maria Ferrari Cavaliere di Gran Croce OMRI
(20 February 1898 – 14 August 1988)

was an Italian motor racing driver and entrepreneur, the founder of the Scuderia Ferrari Grand
Prix motor racing team, and subsequently of the Ferrari automobile marque. He was widely known
as "il Commendatore" or "il Drake". In his final years he was often referred to as "l'Ingegnere"
(the Engineer) or "il Grande Vecchio (the Great Old Man)"










Chloe Anthony Wofford Morrison
(February 18, 1931 – August 5, 2019),

known as Toni Morrison, was an American novelist. Her first novel, The Bluest Eye, was published
in 1970. The critically acclaimed Song of Solomon (1977) brought her national attention and won
the National Book Critics Circle Award. In 1988, Morrison won the Pulitzer Prize for Beloved (1987);
she was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1993

Nicolaus Copernicus
(19 February 1473 – 24 May 1543)

was a Renaissance polymath, active as a mathematician, astronomer, and Catholic canon,
who formulated a model of the universe that placed the Sun rather than Earth at its center.
In all likelihood, Copernicus developed his model independently of Aristarchus of Samos,
an ancient Greek astronomer who had formulated such a model some eighteen centuries earlier.










Karen Gay Silkwood
(February 19, 1946 – November 13, 1974)

was an American chemical technician and labor union activist known for raising concerns about
corporate practices related to health and safety in a nuclear facility.

She worked at the Kerr-McGee Cimarron Fuel Fabrication Site in Oklahoma, making plutonium pellets,
and became the first woman on the union's negotiating team. After testifying to the Atomic Energy
Commission about her concerns, she was found to have plutonium contamination on her person and
in her home. While driving to meet with a New York Times journalist and an official of her union's
national office, she died in a car crash under unclear circumstances.

Her family sued Kerr-McGee for the plutonium contamination. The company settled out of court for
US $1.38 million, while not admitting liability. Her story was chronicled in Mike Nichols's 1983
Academy Award nominated film Silkwood in which she was portrayed by Meryl Streep.

Charles Vincent Massey PC CH CC CD FRSC(hon)
(February 20, 1887 – December 30, 1967)

was a Canadian lawyer and diplomat who served as Governor General of Canada, the 18th since
Confederation. Massey was the first governor general of Canada who was born in Canada after
Confederation.

Massey was born into an influential Toronto family and was educated in Ontario and England,
obtaining a degree in law and befriending future prime minister William Lyon Mackenzie King
while studying at the University of Oxford. He was commissioned into the military in 1917 for
the remainder of the First World War and, after a brief stint in the Canadian Cabinet, began his
diplomatic career, serving in envoys to the United States and United Kingdom. Upon his return
to Canada in 1946, Massey headed a royal commission on the arts between 1949 and 1951,
which resulted in the Massey Report and subsequently the establishment of the National Library
of Canada and the Canada Council of the Arts, among other grant-giving agencies. In 1952 he
was appointed Governor General by King George VI on the recommendation of Prime Minister
Louis St. Laurent, to replace the Viscount Alexander of Tunis as viceroy, and he occupied the
post until succeeded by Georges Vanier in 1959.










Ansel Easton Adams
(February 20, 1902 – April 22, 1984)

was an American landscape photographer and environmentalist known for his black-and-white
images of the American West. He helped found Group f/64, an association of photographers
advocating "pure" photography which favored sharp focus and the use of the full tonal range
of a photograph. He and Fred Archer developed an exacting system of image-making called the
Zone System, a method of achieving a desired final print through a deeply technical understanding
of how tonal range is recorded and developed during exposure, negative development, and printing.
The resulting clarity and depth of such images characterized his photography.











Addison Mitchell McConnell III
(born February 20, 1942)

is an American politician and retired attorney serving his seventh term as the senior United States
senator from Kentucky, which he has held since 1985. McConnell is the Senate leader of the
Republican Party, having served as minority leader since 2021 and previously from 2007 to 2015,
and as majority leader from 2015 to 2021.

McConnell first served as a Deputy United States Assistant Attorney General under President Gerald
Ford from 1974 until 1975 and went on to serve as Jefferson County Judge/Executive from 1977 until
1984 in his home state of Kentucky. McConnell was first elected to the U.S. Senate in 1984 and is
the second Kentuckian to serve as a party leader in the Senate. During the 1998 and 2000 election
cycles, he was chairman of the National Republican Senatorial Committee. He was elected Majority Whip
in the 108th Congress and re-elected to the post in 2004. In November 2006 he was elected Senate
minority leader – the post he held until Republicans took control of the Senate in 2015.











Patricia Campbell Hearst
(born February 20, 1954)

is the granddaughter of American publishing magnate William Randolph Hearst. She first became known
for the events following her 1974 kidnapping by the Symbionese Liberation Army. She was found and
arrested 19 months after being abducted, by which time she was a fugitive wanted for serious crimes
committed with members of the group. She was held in custody, and there was speculation before trial
that her family's resources would enable her to avoid time in prison.

At her trial, the prosecution suggested that Hearst had joined the Symbionese Liberation Army of her
own volition. However, she testified that she had been raped and threatened with death while held
captive. In 1976, she was convicted for the crime of bank robbery and sentenced to 35 years in prison,
later reduced to 7 years. Her sentence was commuted by President Jimmy Carter, and she was later
pardoned by President Bill Clinton.

Antonio de Padua María Severino López de Santa Anna y Pérez de Lebrón
(21 February 1794 – 21 June 1876),

usually known as Santa Anna or López de Santa Anna, was a Mexican caudillo who served as
president of Mexico multiple times. He was a preeminent figure in Mexican politics to the point
that historians of Mexico often refer to three decades after Mexican independence as the
"Age of Santa Anna". He has been called "the Man of Destiny who loomed over his time like a
melodramatic colossus, the uncrowned monarch".

Santa Anna was in charge of the garrison at Veracruz at the time Mexican Independence was
won in 1821. He would go on to play a notable role in the fall of the First Mexican Empire, the
fall of the First Mexican Republic, the promulgation of the Constitution of 1835, the establishment
of the Centralist Republic of Mexico, the Texas Revolution, the Pastry War, the promulgation of the
Constitution of 1843, and the Mexican–American War. He became well known in the United States
due to his role in the Texas Revolution and in the Mexican–American War.










Count Hubert James Marcel Taffin de Givenchy
(20 February 1927 – 10 March 2018)

was a French aristocrat and fashion designer who founded the luxury fashion and perfume house of
Givenchy in 1952. He is famous for having designed much of the personal and professional wardrobe
of Audrey Hepburn and clothing for Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy. He was named to the International
Best Dressed List Hall of Fame in 1970.










John Robert Lewis
(February 21, 1940 – July 17, 2020)

was an American politician and civil rights activist who served in the United States House of
Representatives for Georgia's 5th congressional district from 1987 until his death in 2020. He
participated in the 1960 Nashville sit-ins, the Freedom Rides, was the chairman of the Student
Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) from 1963 to 1966, and was one of the "Big Six"
leaders of groups who organized the 1963 March on Washington. Fulfilling many key roles in the
civil rights movement and its actions to end legalized racial segregation in the United States, in
1965 Lewis led the first of three Selma to Montgomery marches across the Edmund Pettus Bridge
where, in an incident which became known as Bloody Sunday, state troopers and police attacked
Lewis and the other marchers.











Scott Joseph Kelly
(born February 21, 1964)

is an American engineer, retired astronaut, and naval aviator. A veteran of four space flights, Kelly
commanded the International Space Station (ISS) on Expeditions 26, 45, and 46.

Kelly's first spaceflight was as pilot of Space Shuttle Discovery during STS-103 in December 1999.
This was the third servicing mission to the Hubble Space Telescope, and lasted for just under eight days.
Kelly's second spaceflight was as mission commander of STS-118, a 12-day Space Shuttle mission to
the ISS in August 2007. Kelly's third spaceflight was as a crewmember on Expedition 25/26 on the
ISS. He arrived at the ISS aboard Soyuz TMA-01M on October 9, 2010, and served as a flight engineer
until he took over command of the station on November 25, 2010, at the start of Expedition 26.
Expedition 26 ended on March 16, 2011, with the departure of Soyuz TMA-01M.

George Washington (February 22, 1732 – December 14, 1799)

was an American military officer, statesman, and Founding Father who served as the first president
of the United States from 1789 to 1797. Appointed by the Continental Congress as commander of
the Continental Army, Washington led Patriot forces to victory in the American Revolutionary War
and served as president of the Constitutional Convention of 1787, which created and ratified the
Constitution of the United States and the American federal government. Washington has been called
the "Father of his Country" for his manifold leadership in the nation's founding.










Lieutenant-General Robert Stephenson Smyth Baden-Powell, 

(22 February 1857 – 8 January 1941)

was a British Army officer, writer, founder and first Chief Scout of the world-wide Scout Movement,
and founder, with his sister Agnes, of the world-wide Girl Guide / Girl Scout Movement. Baden-Powell
authored the first editions of the seminal work Scouting for Boys, which was an inspiration for the
Scout Movement.












Al Gross (February 22, 1918 - December 21, 2000)

was way ahead of his time. Gross introduced the wireless telephone, pager, and similar gadgets in the
1940s and 1950s, long before wireless became a worldwide buzzword. “I was born too soon,” Gross
once told a reporter, according to an article by David Hawley in the Pioneer Press in St. Paul, Minnesota.
“If I still had the patents on my inventions, Bill Gates would have to stand aside for me.”












Edward Moore Kennedy (February 22, 1932 – August 25, 2009)

was an American lawyer and politician who served as a United States senator from Massachusetts
for almost 47 years, from 1962 until his death in 2009. A member of the Democratic Party and the
prominent political Kennedy family, he was the second most senior member of the Senate when he
died. He is ranked fifth in United States history for length of continuous service as a senator.
Kennedy was the younger brother of President John F. Kennedy and U.S. attorney general and
U.S. senator Robert F. Kennedy. He was the father of Congressman Patrick J. Kennedy.











Pebbles Flintstone
(also known as Pebbles Flintstone-Rubble as an adult)

is a fictional character in the Flintstones franchise. The red-haired daughter of Fred and Wilma Flintstone,
Pebbles is born near the end of the third season. She is most famous in her infant form on The Flintstones,
but has also appeared at various other ages, including as a teenager on the early 1970s spin-off The Pebbles
and Bamm-Bamm Show and as an adult in three television films. She spent most of her time with Bamm-Bamm
Rubble, her childhood best friend whom she eventually marries.

Mayer Amschel Rothschild
(23 February 1744 – 19 September 1812)

was a German-Jewish banker and the founder of the Rothschild banking dynasty.
Referred to as a "founding father of international finance", Rothschild was ranked
seventh on the Forbes magazine list of "The Twenty Most Influential Businessmen
of All Time" in 2005.











William Edward Burghardt Du Bois
(February 23, 1868 – August 27, 1963)

was an American sociologist, socialist, historian, and Pan-Africanist civil rights activist.
Born in Great Barrington, Massachusetts, Du Bois grew up in a relatively tolerant and
integrated community. After completing graduate work at the Friedrich Wilhelm University
(in Berlin, Germany) and Harvard University, where he was the first African American
to earn a doctorate, he became a professor of history, sociology, and economics at
Atlanta University. Du Bois was one of the founders of the National Association for the
Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) in 1909.












Joseph Jean-Pierre Marc Garneau PC CC CD MP
(born February 23, 1949)

is a Canadian politician, retired Royal Canadian Navy officer and former astronaut who served
as a Cabinet minister from 2015 to 2021. A member of the Liberal Party, Garneau was the minister
of foreign affairs from January to October 2021 and minister of transport from November 2015
to January 2021. He is the Member of Parliament (MP) for Notre-Dame-de-Grâce—Westmount.










Michael Saul Dell
(born February 23, 1965)

is an American billionaire businessman and philanthropist. He is the founder, chairman, and CEO
of Dell Technologies, one of the world's largest technology infrastructure companies. He is ranked
the 24th richest person in the world by Bloomberg Billionaires Index, with a net worth of $45 billion
as of October 2022.

In 2011, his 243.35 million shares of Dell stock were worth $3.5 billion, giving him 12% ownership
of the company. His remaining wealth of roughly $10 billion is invested in other companies and
is managed by MSD Capital, which incorporates his initials. In January 2013 it was announced
that he had bid to take Dell Inc. private for $24.4 billion in the biggest management buyout since
the Great Recession. Dell Inc. officially went private in October 2013.

The company once again went public in December 2018.

Wilhelm Carl Grimm
(24 February 1786 – 16 December 1859)

was a German author and anthropologist, and the younger brother of Jacob Grimm,
of the literary duo the Brothers Grimm.
Wilhelm was born in February 1786 in Hanau, in Hesse-Kassel. In 1803, he started
studying law at the University of Marburg, one year after his brother Jacob started there.
The two brothers spent their entire lives close together. In their school days, they had
one bed and one table in common; as students, they had two beds and two tables in
the same room. They always lived under one roof and
had their books and property in common.











Chester William Nimitz
(February 24, 1885 – February 20, 1966)

was a fleet admiral in the United States Navy. He played a major role in the naval history of
World War II as Commander in Chief, US Pacific Fleet, and Commander in Chief, Pacific Ocean Areas,
commanding Allied air, land, and sea forces during World War II.

Nimitz was the leading US Navy authority on submarines. Qualified in submarines during his
early years, he later oversaw the conversion of these vessels' propulsion from gasoline to diesel,
and then later was key in acquiring approval to build the world's first nuclear-powered submarine,
USS Nautilus, whose propulsion system later completely superseded diesel-powered submarines
in the US. He also, beginning in 1917, was the Navy's leading developer of underway replenishment
techniques, the tool which during the Pacific war would allow the US fleet to operate away from port
almost indefinitely. The chief of the Navy's Bureau of Navigation in 1939, Nimitz served as Chief
of Naval Operations from 1945 until 1947. He was the United States' last surviving officer who served
in the rank of fleet admiral. The USS Nimitz supercarrier, the lead ship of her class, is named after him.












Joseph Isadore Lieberman
(born February 24, 1942)

is an American politician, lobbyist, and attorney who served as a United States senator from
Connecticut from 1989 to 2013. A former member of the Democratic Party, he was its nominee
for Vice President of the United States in the 2000 U.S. presidential election. During his final
term in office, he was officially listed as an independent Democrat and caucused with and
chaired committees for the Democratic Party.












Steven Paul Jobs
(February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011)

was an American entrepreneur, business magnate, industrial designer, media proprietor,
and investor. He was the co-founder, chairman, and CEO of Apple; the chairman and majority
shareholder of Pixar; a member of The Walt Disney Company's board of directors following
its acquisition of Pixar; and the founder, chairman, and CEO of NeXT. He is widely recognized
as a pioneer of the personal computer revolution of the 1970s and 1980s, along with his
early business partner and fellow Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak.














Amy
Sara
Abigail
Edward (Ted)
William (Gordon)

The quintuplets were the first American set of surviving quintuplets to be conceived through
the use of fertility drugs. They were born to parents who had previously conceived two other
children through the use of the fertility drug Pergonal. They were only the second set of surviving
quintuplets born in the U.S. so news of their birth at Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center in
New York City made international headlines. They were brought home to Liberty Corner,
New Jersey on April 27, 1970, two months after they were born. As babies and toddlers
they were featured on numerous talk shows and commercials and Good Housekeeping magazine
had an exclusive deal to publish four articles about them in their first two years.

Despite the commercials the family began having financial problems. Bill Kienast had struggled
in establishing two businesses, and in 1983 the family would have had their home foreclosed upon
if not for the intervention of a local industrialist. In 1984, Bill Kienast committed suicide by
carbon monoxide inhalation, which made national headlines.

In May 2001, the quintuplets, then 31, and their mother gave an interview to Good Housekeeping,
their last known national media appearance.

Herbert Manfred "Zeppo" Marx
(February 25, 1901 – November 30, 1979)

was an American comedic actor, theatrical agent, and engineer. He was the youngest and
last survivor of the five Marx Brothers. He appeared in the first five Marx Brothers feature films,
from 1929 to 1933, but then left the act to start his second career as an engineer and theatrical agent.











James Gilmore Backus
(February 25, 1913 – July 3, 1989)

was an American actor. Among his most famous roles were Thurston Howell III on the 1960s
sitcom Gilligan's Island, the father of James Dean's character in Rebel Without a Cause, the
voice of the nearsighted cartoon character Mr. Magoo, the rich Hubert Updike III on the
radio version of The Alan Young Show, and Joan Davis' character's husband (a domestic court judge)
on TV's I Married Joan. He also starred in his own show of one season, The Jim Backus Show,
also known as Hot Off the Wire.

An avid golfer, Backus made the 36-hole cut at the 1964 Bing Crosby Pro-Am tournament.
He was inducted to the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 1960.













Sally Lowenthal
(born February 25, 1935),

better known as Sally Jessy Raphael, is an American former tabloid talk show host known for
her program Sally (originally called The Sally Jessy Raphael Show)

Lowenthal was born in February 25, 1935 in Easton, Pennsylvania. She attended and graduated
from Easton Area High School in Easton. She also spent time in San Juan, Puerto Rico, where
her father, Jesse Lowenthal, was in the rum exporting business and her mother, Zelda Lowenthal
(aka Dede Lowry), ran an art gallery. She has a younger brother, Steven Lowenthal.













Richard Morgan Fliehr
(born February 25, 1949),

known professionally as Ric Flair, is an American professional wrestler. Regarded by
multiple peers and journalists as the greatest professional wrestler of all time,
Flair has had a career spanning over 50 years.













Sean Patrick Astin
(né Duke; February 25, 1971)

is an American actor. His acting roles include Samwise Gamgee in The Lord of the Rings
trilogy (2001–2003), Mikey Walsh in The Goonies (1985), Billy Tepper in "Toy Soldiers" (1991),
Daniel Ruettiger in Rudy (1993), Doug Whitmore in 50 First Dates (2004), Bill in Click (2006),
Lynn McGill in the fifth season of 24 (2006), Oso in Special Agent Oso (2009–2012),
Raphael in Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (2012–2017), Bob Newby in the second and third
seasons of Netflix's Stranger Things (2017; 2019), and Ed in No Good Nick (2019).

He is the son of actress Patty Duke and adopted by actor John Astin.












Chelsea Joy Handler
(born February 25, 1975)

is an American comedian, actress, writer, television host, and producer. She hosted the late-night
talk show Chelsea Lately on the E! network from 2007 to 2014 and released a documentary series,
Chelsea Does, on Netflix in January 2016. From 2016 to 2017, Handler hosted the talk show
Chelsea on Netflix.